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LEVEL C1

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In Indonesia the sea's running red as nickel mining takes over traditional farming areas.

Nickel's a critical component used in electric vehicle batteries and Indonesia has the world's largest reserves of this vital metal.

Nevertheless, this industrial boom leaves many villages with the prospect of losing their land and poses a threat to the livelihoods of villagers who rely on traditional farming practices in the Sulawesi region.

Many villagers like Royani and her family thrive on the profits from cloves grown on their land.

In the face of powerful opponents, many locals believe they have no choice but to defend their land physically.

Developed economies, such as China and South Korea, and companies like Tesla and Brazil's Vale are mining and establishing nickel processing plants in Sulawesi.

The impact on villages and ways of life is evident to Guntur and others who witness the changes unfold.

Rainfall has led to water contamination from the nickel mines rushing into the Pacific Ocean which has reddened the villages' surrounding waters, resulting in the decimation of the local people's fish stocks, their primary protein source.

Nevertheless, a resolution to the conflict doesn't seem imminent given President Joko Widodo's vision for Indonesia to achieve developed nation status by ensuring that the country's development projects progress full speed ahead.

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