Cloudy with a chance of plastic - 29th January 2024

A team of scientists in Japan has discovered microplastic in clouds which may have a direct influence on climate change.

These tiny polymers have reached the depths of the oceans, been observed in volcanic rock, and even in our bodies. However, their presence in clouds was unknown until now.

Measuring less than 5 millimetres, microplastics including polyethylene, polycarbonate and black rubber were among the 9 types of polymers identified in the research. The samples were gathered from above Mount Fuji by a team from Waseda University. It was observed that the sample contained from 6.7 to 13.9 pieces of microplastics per litre of cloud mist.

The research, led by Hiroshi Okochi, gives cause for concern. Not only does the degradation of airborne microplastics in clouds release harmful greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, it also has the potential to influence cloud formation. The normally hydrophobic properties of plastic become hydrophilic when exposed to excess UV rays, therefore attracting water.

Falling in rain, microplastics contaminate the land, waterways and ultimately enter the food chain. Once consumed, they are transported through our bodies, entering the heart, brain and lungs, and have even been detected in blood.

Although more research is needed, previous studies have linked microplastics to cancer and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in humans. In mice there was evidence of multiple health issues including stress, inflammation and reproductive disorders.

How these miniscule elements make their way into clouds remains uncertain. However, sprays and aerosols, churning waves, and dust kicked up by cars are likely causes.

These findings serve as a reminder that although plastics have undeniable benefits in modern life, we do not have the full picture when it comes to their effects. Okochi wants this research to serve as a warning to take a proactive stance to limit plastic production.